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The showpieces — vivid color, sharp crystals, famous localities.

← All collections
353 minerals · Prized Specimens · sorted with popular first
VarietyAgate specimen
Agate SiO₂
SilicateTrigonalMohs 6.5–7
Almandine specimen
Almandine Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 7–7.5
MineraloidAmber specimen
Amber C₁₀H₁₆O (fossil resin)
Organic MineralAmorphousMohs 2–2.5
VarietyAmethyst specimen
Amethyst SiO₂
SilicateTrigonalMohs 7
GroupApatite specimen
Apatite Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH)
PhosphateHexagonalMohs 5
Azurite specimen
Azurite Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
CarbonateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Baryte specimen
Baryte Ba(SO₄)
SulfateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Beryl specimen
Beryl Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5–8
GroupBiotite specimen
Biotite K(Mg,Fe)₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Calcite specimen
Calcite Ca(CO₃)
CarbonateHexagonalMohs 3
Cinnabar specimen
Cinnabar HgS
SulfideHexagonalMohs 2–2.5
Copper specimen
Copper Cu
Native ElementCubicMohs 2.5–3
Fluorapatite specimen
Fluorapatite Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
PhosphateHexagonalMohs 5
Fluorite specimen
Fluorite CaF₂
HalideCubicMohs 4
Galena specimen
Galena PbS
SulfideCubicMohs 2.5
GroupGarnet specimen
Garnet X₃Y₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 6.5–7.5
Gypsum specimen
Gypsum Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O
SulfateMonoclinicMohs 2
Halite specimen
Halite NaCl
HalideCubicMohs 2.5
Hematite specimen
Hematite Fe₂O₃
Oxides & HydroxideHexagonalMohs 5–6
Jadeite specimen
Jadeite NaAlSi₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–7
VarietyJasper specimen
Jasper SiO₂
SilicateTrigonalMohs 6.5–7
VarietyLabradorite specimen
Labradorite (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6–6.5
RockLapis Lazuli specimen
Lapis Lazuli Rock — mainly lazurite
SilicateCubicMohs 5–5.5
GroupLepidolite specimen
Lepidolite K(Li,Al)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Magnetite specimen
Magnetite Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 5.5–6.5
Malachite specimen
Malachite Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
CarbonateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Muscovite specimen
Muscovite KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2–2.5
MineraloidObsidian specimen
Obsidian SiO₂-rich volcanic glass
SilicateAmorphousMohs 5–5.5
Opal specimen
Opal SiO₂·nH₂O
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5.5–6.5
Pyrite specimen
Pyrite FeS₂
SulfideCubicMohs 6–6.5
FeaturedQuartz specimen
Quartz SiO₂
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7
Rhodochrosite specimen
Rhodochrosite Mn(CO₃)
CarbonateHexagonalMohs 3.5–4
Rhodonite specimen
Rhodonite CaMn₃Mn(Si₅O₁₅)
SilicateTriclinicMohs 5.5–6.5
VarietySelenite specimen
Selenite CaSO₄·2H₂O
SulfateMonoclinicMohs 2
VarietySmoky Quartz specimen
Smoky Quartz SiO₂
SilicateTrigonalMohs 7
Sodalite specimen
Sodalite Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
SilicateCubicMohs 5.5–6
Spodumene specimen
Spodumene LiAlSi₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6.5–7
Sulphur specimen
Sulphur S
Native ElementOrthorhombicMohs 1.5–2.5
Topaz specimen
Topaz Al₂SiO₄F₂
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 8
GroupTourmaline specimen
Tourmaline (Na,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Li,Al)₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄
SilicateTrigonalMohs 7–7.5
Turquoise specimen
Turquoise CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O
PhosphateTriclinicMohs 5–6
Vanadinite specimen
Vanadinite Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl
VanadateHexagonalMohs 3
Wulfenite specimen
Wulfenite PbMoO₄
MolybdateTetragonalMohs 2.5–3
Zircon specimen
Zircon Zr(SiO₄)
SilicateTetragonalMohs 7.5
Acanthite specimen
Acanthite Ag₂S
SulfideMonoclinicMohs 2–2.5
Actinolite specimen
Actinolite Ca₂(Mg₄.₅₋₂.₅Fe²⁺₀.₅₋₂.₅)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Adamite specimen
Adamite Zn₂(AsO₄)(OH)
ArsenateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5
Aegirine specimen
Aegirine NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–6.5
GroupAllanite specimen
Allanite (Ca,Ce)₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6
Allanite-(Ce) specimen
Allanite-(Ce) CaCe(Al₂Fe²⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6
Alunite specimen
Alunite KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
SulfateHexagonalMohs 3.5–4
VarietyAmazonite specimen
Amazonite KAlSi₃O₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6–6.5
Amblygonite specimen
Amblygonite LiAl(PO₄)F
PhosphateTriclinicMohs 5.5–6
Analcime specimen
Analcime Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O
SilicateTetragonalMohs 5–5.5
Anatase specimen
Anatase TiO₂
Oxides & HydroxideTetragonalMohs 5.5–6
Andalusite specimen
Andalusite Al₂SiO₅
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6.5–7.5
VarietyAndesine specimen
Andesine (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6–6.5
Andradite specimen
Andradite Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 6.5–7
Anglesite specimen
Anglesite Pb(SO₄)
SulfateOrthorhombicMohs 2.5–3
Anhydrite specimen
Anhydrite Ca(SO₄)
SulfateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Annabergite specimen
Annabergite Ni₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 1.5–2.5
Anthophyllite specimen
Anthophyllite Mg₂Mg₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5.5–6
Antigorite specimen
Antigorite Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3.5
Antlerite specimen
Antlerite Cu²⁺₃(SO₄)(OH)₄
SulfateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5
Aragonite specimen
Aragonite Ca(CO₃)
CarbonateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4
Arsenic specimen
Arsenic As
Native ElementTrigonalMohs 3.5
Arsenopyrite specimen
Arsenopyrite FeAsS
SulfosaltMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6
Atacamite specimen
Atacamite Cu₂Cl(OH)₃
HalideOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Augite specimen
Augite (Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6
Autunite specimen
Autunite Ca(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·10-12H₂O
PhosphateOrthorhombicMohs 2–2.5
GroupAxinite specimen
Axinite Ca₂(Mn,Fe,Mg)Al₂BSi₄O₁₅(OH)
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6.5–7
Axinite-(Fe) specimen
Axinite-(Fe) Ca₄Fe²⁺₂Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6.5–7
Axinite-(Mg) specimen
Axinite-(Mg) Ca₄Mg₂Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6.5–7
Axinite-(Mn) specimen
Axinite-(Mn) Ca₄Mn²⁺₂Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6.5–7
Bavenite specimen
Bavenite Ca₄Be₂₊ₓAl₂₋ₓSi₉O₂₆₋ₓ(OH)₂₊ₓ (x = 0 to 1)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5.5
Bazzite specimen
Bazzite Be₃(Sc,Fe³⁺,Mg)₂Si₆O₁₈·Na₀.₃₂·nH₂O
SilicateHexagonalMohs 6.5–7
Beidellite specimen
Beidellite (Na,Ca)₀.₃Al₂(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O
SilicateMohs 1–2
Benitoite specimen
Benitoite BaTiSi₃O₉
SilicateHexagonalMohs 6–6.5
Bertrandite specimen
Bertrandite Be₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6–7
Beudantite specimen
Beudantite PbFe³⁺₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
ArsenateHexagonalMohs 4
Bismuth specimen
Bismuth Bi
Native ElementTrigonalMohs 2–2.5
Bixbyite-(Fe) specimen
Bixbyite-(Fe) Fe³⁺₂O₃
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 6–6.5
Boleite specimen
Boleite KAg₉Pb₂₆Cu₂₄Cl₆₂(OH)₄₈
HalideCubicMohs 3–3.5
Boracite specimen
Boracite Mg₃B₇O₁₃Cl
HalideOrthorhombicMohs 7–7.5
Bornite specimen
Bornite Cu₅FeS₄
SulfideCubicMohs 3–3.25
Boulangerite specimen
Boulangerite Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
SulfosaltOrthorhombicMohs 2.5–3
Bournonite specimen
Bournonite CuPbSbS₃
SulfosaltOrthorhombicMohs 2.5–3
Braunite specimen
Braunite Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)
SilicateTetragonalMohs 6–6.5
Brazilianite specimen
Brazilianite NaAl₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 5.5
Brewsterite-Sr specimen
Brewsterite-Sr Sr(Al₂Si₆)O₁₆·5H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4.5
Brochantite specimen
Brochantite Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
SulfateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Bromargyrite specimen
Bromargyrite AgBr
HalideCubicMohs 2.5
Brookite specimen
Brookite TiO₂
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 5.5–6
Bustamite specimen
Bustamite Mn₂Ca₂MnCa(Si₃O₉)₂
SilicateTriclinicMohs 5.5–6.5
VarietyBytownite specimen
Bytownite (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6–6.5
Cancrinite specimen
Cancrinite (Na,Ca,   )₈(Al₆Si₆)O₂₄(CO₃,SO₄)₂·2H₂O
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5–6
Carminite specimen
Carminite PbFe³⁺₂(AsO₄)₂(OH)₂
ArsenateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5
Cassiterite specimen
Cassiterite SnO₂
Oxides & HydroxideTetragonalMohs 6–7
Catapleiite specimen
Catapleiite Na₂Zr(Si₃O₉)·2H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6
Cavansite specimen
Cavansite Ca(V⁴⁺O)(Si₄O₁₀)·4H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4
Celadonite specimen
Celadonite KMgFe³⁺Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2
Celestine specimen
Celestine Sr(SO₄)
SulfateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Celsian specimen
Celsian Ba(Al₂Si₂O₈)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–6.5
Cerussite specimen
Cerussite Pb(CO₃)
CarbonateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Chabazite-Ca specimen
Chabazite-Ca Ca₂[Al₄Si₈O₂₄]·13H₂O
SilicateTrigonalMohs 4–5
Chalcanthite specimen
Chalcanthite Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O
SulfateTriclinicMohs 2.5
Chalcopyrite specimen
Chalcopyrite CuFeS₂
SulfideTetragonalMohs 3.5–4
Chamosite specimen
Chamosite (Fe²⁺,Mg,Al,Fe³⁺)₆(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH,O)₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 2.5–3.5
Charoite specimen
Charoite (K,Sr,Ba,Mn)₁₅₋₁₆(Ca,Na)₃₂[Si₇₀(O,OH)₁₈₀](OH,F)₄·nH₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Chlorapatite specimen
Chlorapatite Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl
PhosphateHexagonalMohs 5
Chlorargyrite specimen
Chlorargyrite AgCl
HalideCubicMohs 2.5
Chloritoid specimen
Chloritoid Fe²⁺Al₂O(SiO₄)(OH)₂
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6.5
VarietyChrysoprase specimen
Chrysoprase SiO₂
SilicateTrigonalMohs 7
Chrysotile specimen
Chrysotile Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3.5
Clinochlore specimen
Clinochlore Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 2–2.5
Clinoclase specimen
Clinoclase Cu₃(AsO₄)(OH)₃
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Clinoptilolite-Ca specimen
Clinoptilolite-Ca Ca₃(Si₃₀Al₆)O₇₂·20H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Clinozoisite specimen
Clinozoisite Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6.5–7
Cobaltite specimen
Cobaltite CoAsS
SulfosaltOrthorhombicMohs 5.5
Colemanite specimen
Colemanite CaB₃O₄(OH)₃·H₂O
Oxides & HydroxideMonoclinicMohs 4–4.5
GroupColumbite specimen
Columbite (Fe,Mn)Nb₂O₆
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 6–6.5
Conichalcite specimen
Conichalcite CaCu(AsO₄)(OH)
ArsenateOrthorhombicMohs 4.5
Cordierite specimen
Cordierite Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 7–7.5
Corundum specimen
Corundum Al₂O₃
Oxides & HydroxideHexagonalMohs 9
Cotunnite specimen
Cotunnite PbCl₂
HalideOrthorhombicMohs 2.5
Covellite specimen
Covellite CuS
SulfideHexagonalMohs 1.5–2
Cristobalite specimen
Cristobalite SiO₂
SilicateTetragonalMohs 6–7
Crocoite specimen
Crocoite Pb(CrO₄)
ChromateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Cryolite specimen
Cryolite Na₂NaAlF₆
HalideMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Cummingtonite specimen
Cummingtonite Mg₂Mg₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Cuprite specimen
Cuprite Cu₂O
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 3.5–4
Danburite specimen
Danburite CaB₂Si₂O₈
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 7–7.5
Datolite specimen
Datolite CaB(SiO₄)(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–5.5
Descloizite specimen
Descloizite PbZn(VO₄)(OH)
VanadateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5
Diaspore specimen
Diaspore AlO(OH)
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 6.5–7
Dickite specimen
Dickite Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2–2.5
Diopside specimen
Diopside CaMgSi₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6.5
Dioptase specimen
Dioptase CuSiO₃·H₂O
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5
Dolomite specimen
Dolomite CaMg(CO₃)₂
CarbonateHexagonalMohs 3.5–4
Dravite specimen
Dravite NaMg₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
Dumortierite specimen
Dumortierite AlAl₆BSi₃O₁₈
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 7–8.4
Elbaite specimen
Elbaite Na(Al₁.₅Li₁.₅)Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
Enargite specimen
Enargite Cu₃AsS₄
SulfosaltOrthorhombicMohs 3
Enstatite specimen
Enstatite Mg₂Si₂O₆
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5–6
Epidote specimen
Epidote Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–7
Epistilbite specimen
Epistilbite Ca₃[Si₁₈Al₆O₄₈]·16H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4
Erionite-Ca specimen
Erionite-Ca Ca₅[Si₂₆Al₁₀O₇₂]·30H₂O
SilicateHexagonalMohs 2–3
Erythrite specimen
Erythrite Co₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 1.5–2.5
Esperite specimen
Esperite PbCa₂(ZnSiO₄)₃
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4.5
Euchroite specimen
Euchroite Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)·3H₂O
ArsenateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4
Euclase specimen
Euclase BeAlSiO₄(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 7.5
Eucryptite specimen
Eucryptite LiAlSiO₄
SilicateHexagonalMohs 6.5
Eudialyte specimen
Eudialyte Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5–6
Fayalite specimen
Fayalite Fe²⁺₂(SiO₄)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6.5
Ferberite specimen
Ferberite Fe²⁺(WO₄)
TungstateMonoclinicMohs 4–4.5
Ferrierite-Mg specimen
Ferrierite-Mg [Mg₂(K,Na)₂Ca₀.₅](Si₂₉Al₇)O₇₂·18H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Ferrosilite specimen
Ferrosilite Fe²⁺₂Si₂O₆
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6
Fluor-buergerite specimen
Fluor-buergerite NaFe³⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃O₃F
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7
Fluor-liddicoatite specimen
Fluor-liddicoatite Ca(Li₂Al)Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
Fluorapophyllite-(K) specimen
Fluorapophyllite-(K) KCa₄Si₈O₂₀F·8H₂O
SilicateTetragonalMohs 4.5–5
Foitite specimen
Foitite (Fe²⁺₂Al)Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
Fornacite specimen
Fornacite CuPb₂(CrO₄)(AsO₄)(OH)
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 2.5
Franklinite specimen
Franklinite ZnFe³⁺₂O₄
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 5.5–6.5
Friedelite specimen
Friedelite Mn²⁺₈Si₆O₁₅(OH)₁₀
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4–5
GroupGadolinite specimen
Gadolinite (Y,Ce)₂FeBe₂Si₂O₁₀
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6.5–7
Gadolinite-(Y) specimen
Gadolinite-(Y) Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂O₂(SiO₄)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6.5–7
Gahnite specimen
Gahnite ZnAl₂O₄
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 7.5–8
Gedrite specimen
Gedrite Mg₂(Mg₃Al₂)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5.5–6
Glauberite specimen
Glauberite Na₂Ca(SO₄)₂
SulfateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Glaucophane specimen
Glaucophane Na₂(Mg₃Al₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–6.5
Goethite specimen
Goethite FeO(OH)
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 5–5.5
Greenockite specimen
Greenockite CdS
SulfideHexagonalMohs 3–3.5
Grossular specimen
Grossular Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 6.5–7
Grunerite specimen
Grunerite Fe²⁺₂Fe²⁺₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Hambergite specimen
Hambergite Be₂(BO₃)(OH)
BorateOrthorhombicMohs 7.5
Hardystonite specimen
Hardystonite Ca₂ZnSi₂O₇
SilicateTetragonalMohs 4
Harmotome specimen
Harmotome Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂·12H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4.5
Hastingsite specimen
Hastingsite NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Hausmannite specimen
Hausmannite Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂O₄
Oxides & HydroxideTetragonalMohs 5.5
Haüyne specimen
Haüyne Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
SilicateCubicMohs 5.5–6
Hedenbergite specimen
Hedenbergite CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6.5
Hemimorphite specimen
Hemimorphite Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 4.5–5
Herderite specimen
Herderite CaBe(PO₄)F
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 5–5.5
GroupHeulandite specimen
Heulandite (Ca,Na)₂Al₂Si₇O₁₈·6H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Heulandite-Ca specimen
Heulandite-Ca (Ca,Na,K)₅(Si₂₇Al₉)O₇₂·26H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Holdenite specimen
Holdenite Mn²⁺₆Zn₃(AsO₄)₂(SiO₄)(OH)₈
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 4.5
GroupHornblende specimen
Hornblende Ca₂(Mg,Fe,Al)₅(Al,Si)₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Hübnerite specimen
Hübnerite Mn²⁺(WO₄)
TungstateMonoclinicMohs 4–4.5
Ilvaite specimen
Ilvaite CaFe³⁺Fe²⁺₂O(Si₂O₇)(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6
Inderite specimen
Inderite MgB₃O₃(OH)₅·5H₂O
Oxides & HydroxideMonoclinicMohs 2.5
Inyoite specimen
Inyoite CaB₃O₃(OH)₅·4H₂O
Oxides & HydroxideMonoclinicMohs 2
Iodargyrite specimen
Iodargyrite AgI
HalideHexagonalMohs 1.5–2
Jamesonite specimen
Jamesonite Pb₄FeSb₆S₁₄
SulfosaltMonoclinicMohs 2–2.5
Jarosite specimen
Jarosite KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
SulfateHexagonalMohs 2.5–3.5
MineraloidJet specimen
Jet C — fossilized wood
Organic MineralAmorphousMohs 2.5–4
Kaersutite specimen
Kaersutite NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Kentrolite specimen
Kentrolite Pb₂Mn³⁺₂O₂(Si₂O₇)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6
Kernite specimen
Kernite Na₂B₄O₆(OH)₂·3H₂O
BorateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Kurnakovite specimen
Kurnakovite MgB₃O₃(OH)₅·5H₂O
Oxides & HydroxideTriclinicMohs 2.5–3
Kyanite specimen
Kyanite Al₂OSiO₄
SilicateTriclinicMohs 5.5–7
Langbeinite specimen
Langbeinite K₂Mg₂(SO₄)₃
SulfateCubicMohs 3.5
Laumontite specimen
Laumontite CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂·4H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
L
Lautarite Ca(IO₃)₂
IodateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Lawsonite specimen
Lawsonite CaAl₂(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 7–7.5
Lazulite specimen
Lazulite MgAl₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₂
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 5.5–6
Lazurite specimen
Lazurite Na₇Ca(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)(S₃)¹⁻·H₂O
SilicateCubicMohs 5–5.5
Legrandite specimen
Legrandite Zn₂(AsO₄)(OH)·H₂O
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 4.5
Lepidocrocite specimen
Lepidocrocite Fe³⁺O(OH)
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 5
Leucite specimen
Leucite K(AlSi₂O₆)
SilicateTetragonalMohs 5.5–6
Linarite specimen
Linarite CuPb(SO₄)(OH)₂
SulfateMonoclinicMohs 2.5
Liroconite specimen
Liroconite Cu₂Al(AsO₄)(OH)₄·4H₂O
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 2–2.5
Lithiophilite specimen
Lithiophilite LiMn²⁺(PO₄)
PhosphateOrthorhombicMohs 4–5
Lizardite specimen
Lizardite Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
SilicateHexagonalMohs 2.5
Ludwigite specimen
Ludwigite Mg₂Fe³⁺O₂(BO₃)
BorateOrthorhombicMohs 5
Magnesite specimen
Magnesite Mg(CO₃)
CarbonateHexagonalMohs 3.5–4.5
Malayaite specimen
Malayaite CaSnO(SiO₄)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–7
Manganite specimen
Manganite Mn³⁺O(OH)
Oxides & HydroxideMonoclinicMohs 4
Marcasite specimen
Marcasite FeS₂
SulfideOrthorhombicMohs 6–6.5
Margarite specimen
Margarite CaAl₂Si₂Al₂O₁₀(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4.5
Marialite specimen
Marialite Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl
SilicateTetragonalMohs 5.5–6
Matlockite specimen
Matlockite PbClF
HalideTetragonalMohs 2.5–3
Meionite specimen
Meionite Ca₄Al₆Si₆O₂₄(CO₃)
SilicateTetragonalMohs 5.5–6
Melanotekite specimen
Melanotekite Pb₂Fe³⁺₂O₂(Si₂O₇)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6.5
Melanterite specimen
Melanterite Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O
SulfateMonoclinicMohs 2
Mesolite specimen
Mesolite Na₂Ca₂(Si₉Al₆)O₃₀·8H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5
Microcline specimen
Microcline K(AlSi₃O₈)
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6–6.5
Milarite specimen
Milarite KCa₂(Be₂AlSi₁₂)O₃₀·H₂O
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5.5–6
Millerite specimen
Millerite NiS
SulfideHexagonalMohs 3–3.5
Mimetite specimen
Mimetite Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl
ArsenateHexagonalMohs 3.5–4
Molybdenite specimen
Molybdenite MoS₂
SulfideHexagonalMohs 1–1.5
GroupMonazite specimen
Monazite (Ce,La,Nd,Th)PO₄
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 5–5.5
Monazite-(Ce) specimen
Monazite-(Ce) Ce(PO₄)
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 5–5.5
Monticellite specimen
Monticellite CaMg(SiO₄)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5.5
Mordenite specimen
Mordenite (Na₂,Ca,K₂)₄(Al₈Si₄₀)O₉₆·28H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 3–4
VarietyMoss Agate specimen
Moss Agate SiO₂
SilicateTrigonalMohs 7
Mottramite specimen
Mottramite PbCu(VO₄)(OH)
VanadateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
Nasonite specimen
Nasonite Ca₄Pb₆(Si₂O₇)₃Cl₂
SilicateHexagonalMohs 4
Natrolite specimen
Natrolite Na₂(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·2H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5–5.5
Nepheline specimen
Nepheline Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5.5–6
Nickeline specimen
Nickeline NiAs
SulfideHexagonalMohs 5–5.5
Nontronite specimen
Nontronite Na₀.₃Fe³⁺₂(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 1.5–2
Nosean specimen
Nosean Na₈(Si₆Al₆)O₂₄(SO₄)·H₂O
SilicateCubicMohs 5.5
Olenite specimen
Olenite NaAl₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃O₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
VarietyOligoclase specimen
Oligoclase (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈
SilicateTriclinicMohs 6–6.5
Olivenite specimen
Olivenite Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)
ArsenateMonoclinicMohs 3
Omphacite specimen
Omphacite (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)Si₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Orpiment specimen
Orpiment As₂S₃
SulfideMonoclinicMohs 1.5–2
Osumilite specimen
Osumilite KFe₂(Al₅Si₁₀)O₃₀
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5.5–6
Paragonite specimen
Paragonite NaAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5
Pargasite specimen
Pargasite NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Pectolite specimen
Pectolite NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
SilicateTriclinicMohs 4.5–5
Perovskite specimen
Perovskite CaTiO₃
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 5.5
Petalite specimen
Petalite LiAlSi₄O₁₀
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–6.5
Pharmacosiderite specimen
Pharmacosiderite KFe³⁺₄(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄·6-7H₂O
ArsenateCubicMohs 2.5
Phenakite specimen
Phenakite Be₂(SiO₄)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5–8
Phillipsite-Ca specimen
Phillipsite-Ca Ca₃(Si₁₀Al₆)O₃₂·12H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4.5
Phlogopite specimen
Phlogopite KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2–2.5
Phoenicochroite specimen
Phoenicochroite Pb₂O(CrO₄)
ChromateMonoclinicMohs 2.5
Phosphophyllite specimen
Phosphophyllite Zn₂Fe²⁺(PO₄)₂·4H₂O
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 3–3.5
Piemontite specimen
Piemontite Ca₂(Al₂Mn³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6
Pigeonite specimen
Pigeonite (Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6
Polylithionite specimen
Polylithionite KLi₂AlSi₄O₁₀F₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Powellite specimen
Powellite Ca(MoO₄)
MolybdateTetragonalMohs 3.5–4
Priceite specimen
Priceite Ca₂B₅O₇(OH)₅·H₂O
BorateMonoclinicMohs 3–3.5
Probertite specimen
Probertite NaCaB₅O₇(OH)₄·3H₂O
BorateMonoclinicMohs 3
Proustite specimen
Proustite Ag₃AsS₃
SulfosaltHexagonalMohs 2–2.5
Pumpellyite-(Mg) specimen
Pumpellyite-(Mg) Ca₂MgAl₂(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)(OH)₂·H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6
Pyrargyrite specimen
Pyrargyrite Ag₃SbS₃
SulfosaltHexagonalMohs 2.5
GroupPyrochlore Supergroup specimen
Pyrochlore Supergroup (Na,Ca)₂Nb₂O₆(OH,F)
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 5–5.5
Pyrolusite specimen
Pyrolusite MnO₂
Oxides & HydroxideTetragonalMohs 6–6.5
Pyrope specimen
Pyrope Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 7–7.5
Pyrophyllite specimen
Pyrophyllite Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
SilicateTriclinicMohs 1–1.5
Pyroxmangite specimen
Pyroxmangite Mn²⁺SiO₃
SilicateTriclinicMohs 5.5–6
Pyrrhotite specimen
Pyrrhotite Fe₇S₈
SulfideMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4.5
Realgar specimen
Realgar AsS
SulfideMonoclinicMohs 1.5–2
Rhodizite specimen
Rhodizite KBe₄Al₄(B₁₁Be)O₂₈
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 8
Richterite specimen
Richterite Na(NaCa)Mg₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Riebeckite specimen
Riebeckite Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Romanèchite specimen
Romanèchite (Ba,H₂O)₂(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₅O₁₀
Oxides & HydroxideMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Rossmanite specimen
Rossmanite (Al₂Li)Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
Rutile specimen
Rutile TiO₂
Oxides & HydroxideTetragonalMohs 6–6.5
Sanidine specimen
Sanidine K(AlSi₃O₈)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–6.5
Saponite specimen
Saponite (Ca,Na)₀.₃(Mg,Fe)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O
SilicateMohs 1–2
GroupScapolite specimen
Scapolite Marialite–meionite series
SilicateTetragonalMohs 5.5–6
Scheelite specimen
Scheelite Ca(WO₄)
TungstateTetragonalMohs 4.5–5
Schorl specimen
Schorl NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7–7.5
Schorlomite specimen
Schorlomite Ca₃Ti₂(SiFe³⁺₂)O₁₂
SilicateCubicMohs 7–7.5
Scolecite specimen
Scolecite Ca(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·3H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–5.5
Scorodite specimen
Scorodite Fe³⁺(AsO₄)·2H₂O
ArsenateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4
Sellaite specimen
Sellaite MgF₂
HalideTetragonalMohs 5
Sepiolite specimen
Sepiolite Mg₄Si₆O₁₅(OH)₂·6H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 2–2.5
GroupSerpentine specimen
Serpentine (Mg,Fe)₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3.5
Siderite specimen
Siderite Fe(CO₃)
CarbonateHexagonalMohs 3.5–4.5
Sillimanite specimen
Sillimanite Al₂SiO₅
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6.5–7.5
Silver specimen
Silver Ag
Native ElementCubicMohs 2.5–3
Smithsonite specimen
Smithsonite Zn(CO₃)
CarbonateHexagonalMohs 4–4.5
Spessartine specimen
Spessartine Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 7–7.5
Sphalerite specimen
Sphalerite ZnS
SulfideCubicMohs 3.5–4
Spinel specimen
Spinel MgAl₂O₄
Oxides & HydroxideCubicMohs 7.5–8
Staurolite specimen
Staurolite Fe²⁺₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 7–7.5
Stellerite specimen
Stellerite Ca₄(Si₂₈Al₈)O₇₂·28H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 4–4.5
Stephanite specimen
Stephanite Ag₅SbS₄
SulfosaltOrthorhombicMohs 2–2.5
Stibnite specimen
Stibnite Sb₂S₃
SulfideOrthorhombicMohs 2
GroupStilbite specimen
Stilbite NaCa₄(Al₉Si₂₇)O₇₂·nH₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Stilbite-Ca specimen
Stilbite-Ca NaCa₄(Si₂₇Al₉)O₇₂·28H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Stilbite-Na specimen
Stilbite-Na Na₉(Si₂₇Al₉)O₇₂·28H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
Stolzite specimen
Stolzite Pb(WO₄)
TungstateTetragonalMohs 2.5–3
Strengite specimen
Strengite Fe³⁺(PO₄)·2H₂O
PhosphateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4.5
Strontianite specimen
Strontianite Sr(CO₃)
CarbonateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5
Sugilite specimen
Sugilite KNa₂Fe³⁺₂(Li₃Si₁₂)O₃₀
SilicateHexagonalMohs 6–6.5
Szaibélyite specimen
Szaibélyite MgBO₂(OH)
BorateMonoclinicMohs 3.5–4
GroupTantalite specimen
Tantalite (Fe,Mn)Ta₂O₆
Oxides & HydroxideOrthorhombicMohs 6–6.5
Tellurium specimen
Tellurium Te
Native ElementHexagonalMohs 2–2.5
GroupTennantite specimen
Tennantite (Cu,Fe)₁₂As₄S₁₃
SulfosaltCubicMohs 3–4.5
Tennantite-(Fe) specimen
Tennantite-(Fe) Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃
SulfosaltCubicMohs 3–4.5
Tephroite specimen
Tephroite Mn²⁺₂(SiO₄)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6
GroupTetrahedrite specimen
Tetrahedrite (Cu,Fe)₁₂Sb₄S₁₃
SulfosaltCubicMohs 3–4.5
Tetrahedrite-(Fe) specimen
Tetrahedrite-(Fe) Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)Sb₄S₁₃
SulfosaltMohs 3–4.5
Thomsonite-Ca specimen
Thomsonite-Ca NaCa₂(Al₅Si₅)O₂₀·6H₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 5–5.5
Thorite specimen
Thorite Th(SiO₄)
SilicateTetragonalMohs 4.5–5
Thortveitite specimen
Thortveitite Sc₂Si₂O₇
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 6–7
Thénardite specimen
Thénardite Na₂(SO₄)
SulfateOrthorhombicMohs 2.5–3
Titanite specimen
Titanite CaTi(SiO₄)O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–5.5
Torbernite specimen
Torbernite Cu(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·12H₂O
PhosphateTetragonalMohs 2–2.5
Tremolite specimen
Tremolite Ca₂(Mg₅.₀₋₄.₅Fe²⁺₀.₀₋₀.₅)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 5–6
Tridymite specimen
Tridymite SiO₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 7
Trilithionite specimen
Trilithionite KLi₁.₅Al₁.₅(Si₃Al)O₁₀F₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Triphylite specimen
Triphylite LiFe²⁺(PO₄)
PhosphateOrthorhombicMohs 4–5
Tyuyamunite specimen
Tyuyamunite Ca(UO₂)₂(VO₄)₂·5-8H₂O
VanadateTetragonalMohs 2
Ulexite specimen
Ulexite NaCaB₅O₆(OH)₆·5H₂O
BorateTriclinicMohs 2.5
Uvarovite specimen
Uvarovite Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃
SilicateCubicMohs 6.5–7.5
Uvite specimen
Uvite CaMg₃(Al₅Mg)(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
SilicateHexagonalMohs 7.5
Variscite specimen
Variscite Al(PO₄)·2H₂O
PhosphateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4.5
Vauquelinite specimen
Vauquelinite CuPb₂(CrO₄)(PO₄)(OH)
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Vermiculite specimen
Vermiculite Mg₀.₇(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄·8H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 1.5
Vesuvianite specimen
Vesuvianite (Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀
SilicateTetragonalMohs 6.5
Villiaumite specimen
Villiaumite NaF
HalideCubicMohs 2–2.5
Vivianite specimen
Vivianite Fe²⁺₃(PO₄)₂·8H₂O
PhosphateMonoclinicMohs 1.5–2
Volborthite specimen
Volborthite Cu₃V₂O₇(OH)₂·2H₂O
VanadateMonoclinicMohs 3.5
Wairakite specimen
Wairakite Ca(Si₄Al₂)O₁₂·2H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4.5–5
Wavellite specimen
Wavellite Al₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₃·5H₂O
PhosphateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–4
Willemite specimen
Willemite Zn₂SiO₄
SilicateHexagonalMohs 5.5
Witherite specimen
Witherite Ba(CO₃)
CarbonateOrthorhombicMohs 3–3.5
GroupWolframite specimen
Wolframite (Fe,Mn)WO₄
TungstateMonoclinicMohs 4–4.5
Wollastonite specimen
Wollastonite CaSiO₃
SilicateTriclinicMohs 4.5–5
GroupXenotime specimen
Xenotime YPO₄
PhosphateTetragonalMohs 4–5
Xenotime-(Y) specimen
Xenotime-(Y) Y(PO₄)
PhosphateTetragonalMohs 4–5
Yugawaralite specimen
Yugawaralite Ca(Si₆Al₂)O₁₆·4H₂O
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 4.5–5
GroupZeolite specimen
Zeolite Hydrated aluminosilicates·nH₂O
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 3.5–5.5
Zincite specimen
Zincite ZnO
Oxides & HydroxideHexagonalMohs 4–4.5
GroupZinnwaldite specimen
Zinnwaldite KLiFe²⁺Al(AlSi₃)O₁₀(F,OH)₂
SilicateMonoclinicMohs 2.5–3
Zoisite specimen
Zoisite Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)
SilicateOrthorhombicMohs 6–7
Zunyite specimen
Zunyite Al₁₃Si₅O₂₀(OH,F)₁₈Cl
SilicateCubicMohs 7